Ulawulo lwamanani ekhompyutheni (i-CNC) izixhobo zomatshini zizixhobo ezizenzekelayo ezicwangcisiweyo zekhompyutha ezisetyenziselwa inkqubo yokuvelisa ukulawula nokulawula ukuhamba kunye nokusebenza kwesixhobo somatshini.Iinkampani ezininzi zokuvelisa, ezibandakanya iimoto, i-aerospace kunye neenkampani zamava, zisebenzisa aba matshini ukuphucula iimveliso kunye neenkqubo zabo.
Inxalenye engcono kukuba oomatshini be-CNC babonelela ngokuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka ngokuvelisa iinxalenye zokuvala ukunyamezela ngelixa begcina ukufana kunye nomgangatho.Ukuzisebenzisa akukho nzima kangako ukuba uyayiqonda indlela ezisebenza ngayo.
Esi sikhokelo sigubungela iziseko ze-CNC machining, kubandakanywa iintlobo, amacandelo, iingcamango ezisisiseko, kunye nezicelo.Funda ngakumbi ngolwazi oluthe kratya.
Ngaphambili, ukuveliswa kunye noomatshini kwakusenziwa ngesandla, kubangele inkqubo ecothayo nengasebenziyo.Namhlanje, ngoncedo loomatshini be-CNC, imisebenzi izenzekelayo, eyandisa imveliso, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.Oku kuzenzekelayo kukuvumela ukuba ulawule nayiphi na inkqubo enokucwangciswa kwikhompyuter.Oomatshini be-CNC banokwenza izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya ubhedu, intsimbi, inayiloni, i-aluminiyam kunye ne-ABS.
Inkqubo iqala ngokudala imodeli yoyilo oluncediswa yikhompyuter (CAD) kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesoftware yokuvelisa encediswa yikhompyuter ukuyiguqulela kuthotho lwemiyalelo.Le miyalelo ilawula ukuhamba komatshini, ifuna iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo.
Emva kokubeka i-workpiece kwitafile yomatshini kunye nokubeka isixhobo kwi-spindle, inkqubo iqhutywe.Umatshini we-CNC emva koko ufunda imiyalelo evela kwiphaneli yokulawula kwaye wenze imisebenzi yokusika ngokufanelekileyo.
Ziqulethe izinto ezahlukeneyo ezibalulekileyo ezinje nge-spindles, ii-motor, iitafile kunye neepaneli zolawulo ezingenakusebenza ngaphandle kwazo.Icandelo ngalinye lisebenza injongo eyahlukileyo.Ngokomzekelo, iitheyibhile zibonelela ngomgangatho ozinzileyo wezinto zokusebenza ngexesha lokusika.Xa ukugaya, i-router isebenza njengesixhobo sokusika.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini be-CNC, nganye inemisebenzi ethile kwaye isetyenziselwa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo.Ezi ntlobo ziwela kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:
Luhlobo lomatshini wokungqusha okanye umzila ofuna amazembe amathathu X, Y kunye no-Z ukusebenza.Umgca we-X uhambelana nokunyakaza okuthe tye kwesixhobo sokusika ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene.I-Y-axis ihamba ngokuthe nkqo phezulu, ezantsi, okanye ngasemva naphambili.I-Z-axis, ngakolunye uhlangothi, imele ukunyakaza kwe-axial okanye ubunzulu besixhobo sokusika, ukulawula ukunyuka nokuhla komatshini.
Kubandakanya ukubamba i-workpiece kwi-vise ebambe i-workpiece imile ngelixa isixhobo sokusika sijikeleza ngesantya esiphezulu, sisusa izinto ezingaphezulu kunye nokudala uyilo olufunwayo.Le mishini ilungele ngakumbi ekubunjweni kweemilo zejometri.
Ngokungafaniyo ne-CNC yokugaya, apho isixhobo sokusika sijikeleza ukususa izinto ezingaphezulu, kwi-lathe ye-CNC, isixhobo sihlala simile ngelixa i-workpiece ijikeleza kwi-spindle.Olu lolona khetho lwakho lungcono ukuba ufuna ukuvelisa izikhongozeli ze-cylindrical okanye izinto zokunyamezela eziqinileyo.
I-Multi-axis okanye i-5-axis CNC machining ngokuyimfuneko i-CNC yokugaya kunye nokujika kunye needigri ezongezelelweyo zenkululeko.Baneezembe ezingaphezu kwesithathu zokuguquguquka kunye nokwanda kokukwazi ukuvelisa iikhonto ezintsonkothileyo kunye neejometri.
Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-3+2 ye-CNC yokugaya, apho i-workpiece ijikeleziswa malunga nee-axes ezongezelelweyo ze-A kunye ne-B kwindawo esisigxina.Ngokwemodeli ye-CAD, isixhobo sijikeleza ngeenxa zonke kwii-axes ezintathu kwaye sinqumla i-workpiece.
I-5-Axis Milling eqhubekayo isebenza ngokufanayo kwi-Indexed 5-Axis Milling.Nangona kunjalo, isalathiso sokusila siyahluka kwi-5-axis milling eqhubekayo yokuba i-workpiece ijikeleza i-axs ye-A kunye ne-B, nangona umsebenzi wahlukile kwi-indexed 5-axis milling ekubeni i-workpiece ihlala imile.
Yindibaniselwano yeeleyile ze-CNC kunye noomatshini bokugaya.I-workpiece ihamba ecaleni kwe-axis yokujikeleza ngexesha lemisebenzi yokujika kwaye ihlala imile kwii-angles ezithile ngexesha lemisebenzi yokusila.Zisebenza ngakumbi, zibhetyebhetye kwaye zilolona khetho lungcono xa kulungiswa iindawo ezifuna imisebenzi emininzi yomatshini.
Ezi zezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zoomatshini be-CNC abafumaneka kwiinkampani ezininzi zokuvelisa namhlanje.Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye iindlela zokwenza izinto ezifana nokubhola kwe-CNC, i-EDM kunye nokugaya izixhobo ezisetyenziselwa imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Ukukhetha oyena matshini we-CNC wokwenza umsebenzi wakho kufuna uqwalaselo ngononophelo lwemiba emininzi, hayi nje uhlobo lomsebenzi onqwenela ukuwenza.
Ngoko unokukhetha umatshini we-CNC ongafanelanga kuphela iimfuno zakho zemveliso, kodwa ulungele uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nemiqobo yesayithi.
Umatshini we-CNC uthatha imisebenzi yokuvelisa ukuya kwinqanaba elilandelayo.Ineenzuzo ezininzi ezibandakanya ukuveliswa kobuninzi, ukuchaneka kunye nokuchaneka njengoko izenzela kwaye yenza lula izicelo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba uqalise ngomatshini we-CNC, kufuneka uqale uqonde iziseko ze-CNC machining, kubandakanya amacandelo akhoyo kunye neentlobo.Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana owona matshini ubalaseleyo wosetyenziso lwakho kunye nokusebenza kwemveliso.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-24-2023
